Caterpillar Value Chain Strategies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Caterpillar Value Chain Strategies - Assignment Example Through transforming itself to be more focused, responsive, variable and a resilient enterprise, that can connect their businesses end-to-end with suppliers at the one end, and customers at the other, by fusing the best business practices and technology, Caterpillar Inc have successfully introduced accelerated value creation. Caterpillar Inc is the worlds leading manufacturer of construction and mining equipment, diesel and natural gas engines, and industrial gas turbines. The company is a technology leader in construction, transportation, mining, forestry, energy, logistics, electronics, financing and electric power generation. In 2005, Caterpillar posted sales and revenues of $36 billion and a profit of $2.8 billion, maintaining its position as an International supplier and leading U.S. exporter. Currently Caterpillar has more than 85000 employees in its different businesses and divisions world wide. The current success achieved by Caterpillar was no mere coincidence, but due to the strong influence and direction set by its current and former CEO's in periods were Caterpillar lost ground against competitors and registered huge losses. Many different factors influenced the productions, sales and operations during these periods. Factors such as and overvalued dolor, collapse of major markets, union strikes and an inefficient supply chain. To be able to better understand the factors that forced Caterpillar to introduce major changes we need to review each of these trouble periods individually. 1980's Caterpillar has already established an international network of manufacturers, suppliers and dealers after being in the business for more than 75 years. But by 1982 Caterpillar was in trouble with over $1 billion dolor from 1982 through to 1984, with an annual sales figure of approximately $5 billion annually. Factors that contributed to the losses were an overvalued dolor, the concurrent collapse of world markets, a crunching labor strike and the emergence of a fast growing and highly productive competitor, Komatsu. External factors can be seen as an end to a decade long growth in the demand for construction machinery and declining oil prices, led to a decline in investment in the oil exploration and mining operations. The strong dollar versus other currencies resulted in a cost disparity for Caterpillar in relation with their competition and Komatsu an relatively unknown Japanese firm won the market share at the expense of Caterpillar. Komatsu could under price Caterpillar by up t o 30% due to a much higher productivity level. During this time Caterpillar reacted to the downturn in the market by reducing labor cost through freezing employee's wages. This resulted in a national U.S. strike, led by labor unions, which caused huge losses. 1990's In the early 1990's Caterpillar yet again found itself in trouble due to the rise in the value of the dollar and slowing down of demand in construction equipment. At the same time Caterpillar was doing very badly at the stock exchange, limiting the access to capital to support its operations. The CEO of the time took drastic actions to reorganize the company and to yet again cut

Economics Race and Gender in the Economics of Women, Men, and Work Assignment

Economics Race and Gender in the Economics of Women, Men, and Work - Assignment Example The book gives out the various challenges they face. The book also analyzes different rationales that assist the workers through the Government and Employer Policies. The book further gives the various policies that are applied to the rationalization of the workers. The families leave and childcare is well analyzed in the chapter. The family leave is termed to be paid and it is being discussed as per the locations. The program is well discussed by giving out the various requirements a worker needs to acquire the paid leave. The book also explains how the leave assists the workers giving them enough time to take care of their loved ones. Childcare is also discussed in details giving examples. The book states the various regulations and backgrounds required in the child care programs. The importance of the childcare is also given stating the program to be responsible for administering the licenses required for the child care in different states in the United States and other countries. The book gives an analysis of various differences in gender all over the world giving out various examples. The gap across the cultures is also discussed opening gender stereotypes. The book further explains giving different indicators that predict the economic status of women. The book analyzes the various indicators in countries like United Status and how they empower women in other developing countries. The book further compiles all the social indicators in the situation of women. The labor force participation is also discussed in the book along with the occupation. The book also briefly gives the Bureau of labor statistics with the Labor Force Participation Rate. The women in the labor force are also discussed including the databook statistics of 2013. Women are further grouped in terms of hours worked, unemployment classes. The earning is also discussed over the CBO projects along with the working age.

Fishing Disaster :: Environment Ecosystem Environmental Essays

Fishing Disaster Background: The ocean around the rocky shores of Newfoundland were once so full of cod that explorer John Cabot marveled in 1497 that they virtually blocked his ship. In the centuries to follow, fish became the one of the only reasons anyone ever came to Newfoundland, or stayed. Cod was the center of life in the Canadian Maritimes from the beginning. Starting in the 1950's, Huge European trawlers began to travel across the Atlantic to fish the waters off Newfoundland. Some refered to these super-ships as "Fish Factories". With the increased effort by these distant-water fleets, catches of northern cod increased in the late 1950s and early 1960s and peaked at just over 800,000 tons by 1968. However, by 1975 the Candian Government realized the devastating effect this was having on its fish populations and closed its waters to foriegn fishing boats. Although this temporarily staved off the growing crisis, European intervention had changed the nature of Canadian fishing, leading to the development of Canadian owned super-trawlers. Disaster Strikes: Throughout the 1980s, the annual catch of Canada's northern cod fishing fleet hovered around the 250,000 tonnes mark, as the Canadian government kept promoting more investment. Newfoundland's small-scale, inshore cod fishermen, however, were voicing concerns long before anyone else that the abundance of the northern cod population was not as healthy as scientists were reporting. Contradictory to scientific data, traditional inshore fishermen in Newfoundland began to notice declining catches before the mid-1980s. By 1986 the scientists also realized that the stock was declining, and by 1988 had recommended the total allowable catch be cut in half. Instead of acting immediately, in a precautionary manner to protect dwindling fish stocks by substantially reducing catch quotas at the first signs of overfishing, the federal government delayed conservation action, choosing instead quite moderate reductions of the total allowable catch beginning in 1989. It wasn't until 1990, following several years of analysis and re-analysis of data from stock surveys (without simultaneously reducing catch quotas) that the Independent Review of the state of the Northern Cod stock concluded that the population, the biomass, the spawning population, and the spawning biomass of the Northern Cod were all in decline and that fishing-related mortality was at dangerously high levels. By 1992, the biomass estimate for northern cod was the lowest ever measured. The Canadian Minister of Fisheries and Oceans had no choice but to declare a ban on fishing northern cod.

Case Study in Abnormal Psychology Essay

The study of any case in Abnormal Psychology views multiple aspects of self-concept and various behaviors and is the foundation of defining normal and abnormal behaviors. In the complex process of defining and exploring the vast concepts of behavior multi faceted information must be incorporated. Individual behaviors, perspectives, attitudes, and personal identity reveal the internal workings of how specific aspects of life coincide to determine ones concept of normal and abnormal behavior. Throughout history individuals have sought to find out the difference between normal and abnormal perspectives and the purpose for ones existence thus it is only through self realization that society and the people within can find this answer. The exploration of behavior and the many areas that humans search to find a deeper understanding of exactly what the concept of normal behavior leads to a profound investigation of internal and external aspect of life which shapes every angle of one’s self definition. As previous generations have sought to find the answers to this important life question it is the purpose of this paper to continue that great quest into the most definitive goal of society, which is the comprehension of the many, interlinked experiences that define self. The various aspects of behavior and attitudes such as personality traits, abilities, physical characteristics, beliefs, values, goals, and roles help psychologist define normal and abnormal behavior. During the early stages of life children develop an organized and multilevel perspective of information about themselves in the process of acquiring the ability to understand the relation between self and the behavior. Behavior is present in children and centered on many levels of concrete cognitive characteristics, such as physical characteristics and skills. While the focus and perspectives of behavior change from childhood  to middle childhood, behavioral concepts become more integrated and differ as the child engages in social comparison and more clearly perceives the self as consisting of internal, external, and psychological characteristics (Self Concept, 2010). The process of understanding behavior becomes more defined as individuals reach adolescence. It is during this developm ental stage of adolescence that individuals become increasingly aware of the presence and influence of the definition of behavioral characteristic through acquiring a broader perspective of new concepts such as abstract views of the world around them, new experiences with complex issues of cognitive mental representations or self-schemas, which direct the processing of self-relevant information. Social interaction is a key element of behavioral development in which individuals learn foundational skills that aid in the comprehension of self. Through interaction with peers individuals explore or investigate new aspects of self and social interaction by recognizing like interest with peers, social behaviors, emotional responses, and social learning and problem solving skills. These developmental building blocks teach individuals vital insights of self that can be incorporated throughout life such as the development of cooperation, social exchange, demonstrating and understanding empathy as well as experimenting with different roles with behavioral settings. Interaction with society is a defining factor in ones understanding of behavior and is the building block for future and present relationships and definition. Through these various interactions with society integral relationships shape the individuals connection to the world around them and in turn lead to stability within t he internal processes which determine the individual’s perspective of behavioral concept, self esteem, and self efficiency and aids the psychologist in treating an individual with behavioral problems. Definitive concepts that an individual must comprehend in addition to understanding in relation to the hierarchy of normal and abnormal behavior concept in order to understand the complexity of self and the role that individual plays within society. Behavior is by definition the positive or negative reactions to individuals’ society and towards oneself and is viewed as the internal evaluation of one’s self worth and value. It is clear that behavior is one of the fundamental aspects of development and self, a healthy perspective of one’s life must reflect positive values and  definitions of self in order for an individual to develop a healthy mental state. The totality of an individual’s comprehension regarding behavior is a valid developmental concept that must reflect all thoughts and feelings in relation to self and society (Paterson, 2010). Self efficiency describes an individual with confidence in his or her ability to think, understand information, self control, and a defined sense of self worth. It is an important aspect of development of perception to thoroughly understand the impact that these concepts of behavior have on an individual’s life and should be valued as priority (Paterson, 2010). Two distinct experiences that affect personal development are the values of personal beliefs and social factors. In a case study of children’s behavior parents instill values that have shaped the children’s’ perspective of many social and self perspectives. In this case the behaviors displayed by a child growing up in a lower middle class family in rural America was viewed by the parents as abnormal or normal, the child’s behavior in many factors are defined by what he or she has accomplish, and the belief or worth came from validation that he or she needed and that all other aspects of life were just reflections of what society viewed as normality. Over the years many the individuals’ behavior felt as if he or she did not really know that the displayed perspectives of behavior were being viewed as abnormal. Growing up the individual gained a new perspective of exactly what normality was and realized that many of the behaviors displayed were abnormal it was this behavioral awareness that lead to psychological help. When the individual entered high school more abnormal behaviors were displayed and societal definitions determined many of the treatments used by the psychologist. There is no other concept within psychology that shapes individuals as much as behavior. It is in understanding how one’s life is changed based on the situation and experiences, the behaviors and attitudes, and the internal sense of self worth that motivates individuals to step into a deep understanding of life. Reference Self Concept. (2010). Self Concept. Retrieved March, 2011 from: http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/cd/re/itf09socemodev.asp Paterson, C. (2010). Measuring Changes in Self-Concept. Retrieved March 7, 2011 from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/6/7

Illegal Drug Use, Illegal Prostitution, and Money Laundering

The discussion of legalizing certain illegal drug like marijuana for personal use or prostitution to help stimulate the economy is one of the worst ideas ever. It was also said that it will eliminate money laundering problem. By keeping illegal drugs, prostitution, and money laundering illegal will prevent criminals from exploiting the poor and unfortunate people. This will also prevent the â€Å"paid† rape of all genders, it will also detour people from becoming an addict, thus eliminating the increase of money laundering. If those things are not controlled or increase in awareness the human trafficking business will grow even more each year, more people to include younger children are turned into sex slaves, and legitimate business starts to†¦show more content†¦While there are a significant drop among children and teenagers ranging from 12 to 17 years old. The latest national survey from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administrations (SAMHSA) state s that, last year it was at 11.6 percent, but it dropped to 9.5 percent, according to the survey. The use of illegal drug use among 50 to 54 has doubled since 2002. Meanwhile for 55 to 59, such drug use has tripled. Marijuana is by far the most used illegal drug among both children and adults (Casavant and Chantal, 2001), but not just limited to that drug also according to SAMHSA. A similar study was also done in the United Kingdom; this study was geared to finding out what are the causes of preteen using illegal drugs (McKeganey, 2004). Over 1200 students was asked to participate in a written survey and interview, the numbers where interesting, 4.0% of the students surveyed that are living with both biological parents reported using illegal drugs compared to 4.9% of the other students living with a single-parent. On another hand preteen living with step family is 9.5% more likely to use illegal drugs (Griesbach et al, 2003). A study was conducted in the early 1990’s and in that study it was found that expenses related to daily cocaine use amount to approximately $43,000 a year. The amount spent by an addict varies from drug to drug according to the report, it does not matter what type ofShow MoreRelatedIllegal Drug Use And Prostitution2565 Words   |  11 PagesMoney is often thought of as the root of all evil because it has been proven time and time again that some people will do anything to get as much as possible. Some of the most profitable organized crimes are so successful they are international but often rely on harming others to get ahead. Illegal drug use, human trafficking and prostitution are three of most lucrative crimes today generating billions of dollars a year. The money is obtained illegally so the need for money laundering is essentialRead MoreProstitution, Drugs And Money Laundering922 Words   |  4 Pages Prostitution, drugs and money laundering are all tied together in the underground world of the public crimes arena. In fact, acts are all influenced by the political, economic, and social relations intertwined with organized crime resulting in violence, public health issues, and money laundering schemes. Markets can be found online, on the streets, and through legitimate and illegitimate practices. The very nature of prostitution and drug crimes are considered victimless crimes, resulting in collateralRead MoreThe Mafias Money Laundering988 Words   |  4 PagesMoney Laundering The term money laundering is said to create from Mafia possession of Laundromats in the United States. Gangsters there were earning huge sums in cash from extortion, prostitution, gambling and bootleg liquor. They needed to demonstrate a legitimate source for these monies. ‘Money laundering is the process by which criminals try to conceal the true origion and ownership of the proceeds of their criminal activity, allowing them to maintain control over the proceeds and, in the endRead MoreGross Domestic Product ( Gdp )1695 Words   |  7 Pagesquarter. The different components of GDP are at differing levels in each nation. China and Germany, for example, have substantial net exports, and Singapore comparatively relies much more on government outlays to grow its economy. Although the latter uses more governmental outlays than most nations, all nations to some degree make attempts to alleviate economic downturns, as well as to maximize upward movement. Though there must be concern for issues such as the notorious crowding out effect, governmentRead MoreAmerica, Human Trafficking, And Why It Will Never Stop2411 Words   |  10 Pageslabor in everything from brothers and hotels, to agriculture and construction, to domestic service and janitorial services. Victims in the US include persons brought here for the industry, or people who have fallen prey to traffickers based on their illegal status in the US from such things as temporary work visas in the agriculture industry. Top countries named as origin countries in the United States include Mexico, Thailand, Honduras, Indonesia, Guatemala and the Philippines (State). According toRead MoreEssay on money laundering2736 Words   |  11 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Money laundering is the routing of illegal profits from bank to bank to disguise its existence. The illegal profits are usually made through activities such as drug trafficking, prostitution rings, illegal arms sales, and various other things. Unfortunately mone y laundering is a serious crime that is still prevalent in the United States and other countries. The Russian mafia, the Triad or Chinese mafia, and the Columbian drug cartel are just a few of the groups that partake in money launderingRead MoreKeeping Clean: How Islamic Banks Fight Money Laundering?1596 Words   |  7 PagesFight Money Laundering? By: Hany Abou-El-Fotouh Money laundering is not a new trend. It is a process that takes illegal or â€Å"dirty† money generated from illegal activities and puts it through a cycle of transactions, so that it comes out at the end as apparently legal or clean money. The process is driven by criminal activities and conceals the true source, ownership, or use of funds. No one can deny that money launderers may use Islamic banks as a place to clean their dirty money throughRead MoreNature and Causes of Global Money Laundering8912 Words   |  36 PagesNATURE AND CAUSES OF GLOBAL MONEY LAUNDERING PRESENTED BY: Kiran Aftab (Roll # 01) Afifa Naseer (Roll # 68) MBA-2004 4th Semester INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 6 History Read MoreDrug Trafficking And The United States10785 Words   |  44 Pagesincreased occurrences of drug trafficking in the United States and the world as a whole. This increase in drug trafficking has resulted to a radical increase in the number of people who are affected by the illegal drugs. In the United States, the number has risen to about 19.9 billions. This paper will therefore discuss drug trafficking, its causes, effects, prevention and war against it. Whoever will read this paper, he or she will be able to take care of themselves from drug selling, consumption andRead MoreThe Problem Of Drug Trafficking10787 Words   |  44 Pagesng in the United States Drug trafficking is the worldwide illegitimate trade, which involve the cultivating, producing, distributing and the selling of materials that are subject to the drug proscription laws. There are a number of drugs which are trafficked into the United States. These include, but are not limited to heroin, marijuana and cocaine. The system of drug trafficking in the United States as well as in other countries and continents remains very complex. Although the government and non-government

Camila Velasquez. Hum-101-12. Professor David Winner. May

Camila Velasquez HUM-101-12 Professor David Winner May 10th, 2017 Final Essay Fifteen Have you ever attended or witnessed any birthday party for children, teenager, adult or even your own birthday party? We all celebrate our birthday every year, but young girls will have a special birthday that has to be celebrated for once in their life. A woman has a point of time where they stop from being a child and become as an adult. Womanhood is such an important stage for young girls where some cultures have different forms of celebration to recognize the upcoming of age. In the cultural root of Latin America, girls who are turning to fifteen years of age will be honored a memorable birthday ceremony welcoming their adulthood. This ceremony is†¦show more content†¦During the Quinceaà ±era mass, the girl will receive the communion, sacramental bread, bouquet of flowers, jewelry such as ring, necklace and tiara that are blessed by the priest (Madrina). All these items have meanings in the girl’s life and future. For example, the ring symbolized as an unconditi onal love from God. The Bible and rosary are both foundations of her faith. Nowadays, the religious ceremony is seen as an optional part of the celebration. Girls having the celebration use their religious beliefs to determine whether or not to have a religious ceremony. The religious ceremony signifies a cultural ritual within the community that strengthen the girl’s commitment to her faith. One of the factors that a girl fails to conduct a religious mass is because it is necessary that the girl has to be baptized, received her first communion and attended confirmation classes. After the church service, the celebration of Quinceaà ±era will be continued with a reception. The music of the event is important. Music band or DJs has to be present to bring out entertainment and joy throughout the event. Like in wedding reception, the first dance of the party always goes to the birthday girl’s father. This daughter-father dance is a tradition for Quinceaà ±era, and it is called the quince waltz (Madrina). This is a special moment for the young girl and her father. This dance symbolizes the young woman s growing independence and the father has accepted that

Mentoring and Enabling Learning in the Practice Setting Essay

Mentoring and enabling learning in the practice setting A reflective account of my experience of facilitating learning, assessing and teaching a student or co-worker, and how this experience will inform my future development within the mentor or practice teacher role. Student Number: 2930211 Word Count: 3150 Part 1: Introducing the Mentorship role I am a band five registered paediatric nurse based on an orthopaedic and spinal surgical ward in a tertiary paediatric hospital. I am currently engaging in completing my training to become a qualified mentor. This reflective account details my experiences assessing, teaching and facilitating the learning of a student during their practice based learning, and how this experience may†¦show more content†¦I must frequently act as an advocate for the child (Children Act 1989), requiring a more autocratic approach (Bass and Bass 2008). Both establishing effective relationships and leadership require skill, knowledge and experience and can be central to providing quality care (Department of Health 2004). Key professional challenges surrounding learning and assessment in my practice area include difficulty due to the busyness and staffing levels on my ward, which is known to affect the quality of assessment in practice (Phillips et al, 2000). The pressure of clinical commitments and lack of available time has an affect on the organisation and supervision of students during clinical placement (Caldwell et al 2008). Other difficulties may include inconsistency in performance influencing assessment of fitness for practice (Duffy and Hardicre 2007a), or students who are not compliant with support available and provided should they be failing (Duffy and Hardicre 2007b). Reluctance to fail a failing student due to poor assessment or finding the failing process too difficult (Duffy 2003) also serves as a professional challenge in my practice area. The NMC Standards to support learning and assessment in practice (2008b) do provide a framework for mentors, but due to the nature of the document it is not comprehensive enough to consider allShow MoreRelatedDemocratic Leadership : Advance Practise Nursing977 Words   |  4 Pages Democratic Leadership In Advance Practise Nursing Seynor Massalee Kennedy South University Democratic Leadership In Advance Practise Nursing Professional leadership comprises of mentoring, empowering and participating actively in organizations. The APN, as an effective leader should be able to collaborate with team members, mentored and be mentor and provide empowerment (Hamric, Hanson, Tracy, O’Grady, 2014). Authoritarian, Democratic and Delegative are the three stylesRead MoreGraduation Speech : Nursing Mentoring1030 Words   |  5 Pages Nursing Mentoring Nohely Alvarez Felician College Nohely Alvarez 10/09/2015 â€Å"I declare on my honor that I have neither given nor received inappropriate aid on this examination/paper/assignment.† Going through the process of getting a degree and graduating can probably be the most rewarding achievement in life. All the sleepless nights: studying and writing papers has finally paid off and now it is time to step out into the real world. For some, depending on their career can beRead MoreMy Current Post As A Clinical Practice Lead867 Words   |  4 Pages My current post as a clinical practice lead (CPL) is one of the most visible and recognised members of the team within the inpatient clinical setting. They must be effective and efficient communicators, be sensitive to the needs of colleagues and patients and also have awareness of gender, generational and cultural dynamics, and how they impact and provide challenges to the role of supporting patients, families and carers. My role has allowed me the unique position to supervise the therapeuticRead More522 mentoring3582 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿Alisha Wall Unit 522 - Facilitate coaching and mentoring of practitioners in health and social care or children and young peoples settings 2.4 - Explain the different types of information advice and guidance that can support learning in the work setting 4.3 - Explain the support needs of those who are working with peers as coaches or mentors There are 8 key communication skills for effective coaching that would also apply to mentoring: listening, questioning, constructively challenging, seeingRead MoreLeadership And Management Dynamics Of A Physician Run Organization1309 Words   |  6 Pagestraining, yet, in many private practice settings, including in our group they are expected to fill leadership roles, such as leading committees, chairing a department or even a leadership role at the board level. New physicians are hired with little knowledge of how a board meeting is run or how decisions in a group practice are made. This also contributes to the dysfunctional nature of the physician group and leads to a somewhat haphazard way of running the practice. I have come to the realizationRead MoreBecoming A Nurse Leader Is A Role That All Nurses May One1565 Words   |  7 Pagesand recognition, and professional development guidance (Yoder-Wise, 2015, pp. 37). Management is a separate role from leadership. A manager focuses on work that must be completed. They â€Å"address complex issues by organizing, planning, budgeting, and setting target goals† (Yoder-Wise, 2015, pp. 55). Goals are met by organizing, staffing, controlling, and solving problems. When a nurse takes on the role of a manager, they must be able to focus on individuals, as well as goals set by the department andRead MoreUnit 5022766 Words   |  12 PagesUnit 502 Promote Professional Development (SHC52) Learning Outcome 1; Understand Principles of Professional development 1.1 Explain the importance of continually improving knowledge and practice To make improvements in our organisations we must work together to ensure the service we are providing is of a high standard and one that meets the service users’ needs. To improve the experience and outcomes for service users and the staff team we need to create a working environment withinRead MoreWhat Exactly Is Leadership Coaching?1617 Words   |  7 PagesWhat Exactly Is Leadership Coaching? In the broadest sense, whenever you are working with someone acting in a coaching or mentoring capacity in an ongoing relationship to; raise your awareness, grow as a human being, develop your leadership skills and effectiveness, work through some of the common challenges managers and leaders face, close gaps between where you are now and where you want to be, translate goals into specific actions, change behavior, increase the impact you are having, and generallyRead MoreEssay on Mentoring a Third Year Student Nurse2078 Words   |  9 PagesPalmer (2005) enabling traits and discussed the core skill of a mentor. I will analyse and reflect on how I’ve utilised these skill with a third year student nurse in my practice area (cardiology) I will also reflect and evaluate my mentoring experience with my learner to see if there is any area of improvement or changes to be amended. The Department for Health (2001) defined a mentor as an individual who facilitates learning and supervises and assesses students in the practice setting. As mentorsRead MoreFactors That Influence The Future Of Training Strategies1645 Words   |  7 Pagesti organizations where there is prominent opportunity to advance and improve their knowledge, skills and experience. Noe (2013) explains that businesses are enhanced when learning professionals are aligned with the business and take on full responsibility for the relationships as well as the outcomes that stem from the learning solutions (Noe, 2013, p. 476). Many organizations use this to attract and retain their employees, both current and potential prospects. We know that employees are given